Bolt gun



April z7,1926.\ -1,582,533

l R. G. PACKARD, JR`

BOLT GUN Filedqune 1. 1922 e shefs-sheet 2 lll "I IHIIII" April 27 1926. ,582,533

R. G. PACKARD, JR

BOLT GUN Filed June l, 1922 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 [EBT-F IIIIIII li T: I IIII I IIII IIT L vI. III II April 27 1926.

R. G. PACKARD, JR

BOLT GUN Filed June l. 1922 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 April 27 ,I 19216. l 1,582,533

` R. G. PACKARD, JR

BOLT GUN Filed .June l. 1922 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 x', j 62 .l za Half 4 am @Emma J2? N. In?,

April 27 1926.

tion.

RALPH e. PAGKARD, Ja, 01E

BUILT Application led June 1,

T o all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, RALPH G. PACKARD, J r., a citizen of the United States, and resi-i dent of Morristown, inthe county of Morris and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bolt Gruns, kof which the following is a specifica- My present invention' is shown'as being embodied'fin a breech-loading rifle of the lockbolt type, but various of the novel features and combina-tions may be employed to advantage in other types of ire arms.

In the specific form shown the riie is designed primarilyas a high power sporting rifle, but the gun as a whole. may well be used as a militaryriefor equipment of troops and certain of its novel Ifeatures would be found highly Idesirable as 'additions to or modifications of any of the standard The invention and features thereof may also be embodied in other types of guns including target rifles' and Shotguns.

vThe general purposes in view and the problems for which my invention adords a so- *j lution are much the same as in my prior Patent, 1,202,416, granted October 24, 1916, but

the solutions of the problems are novel and in some respects radically dierent from those in said patent. a

Two broad features of similarity are the employment of a thumb trigger with a downj pressure release; also the location of the rear/ sight on the rear end of the cocking-piece of the firing pin. Even these features, how-` .ever, are substantially modified to afford novel combinations.

The thumb trigger is guarded almost as well as in the priorpatent, but the side guards, instead of having upper sections carried by 'and sliding with the cooking-piece,

are rigid projections carried entirely by the receiver frame. Moreover, they are extended upward so as to afford guards for the rear sight. Thus the rear sight does not have to be non-adjustable and of the massive construction indicated in the patent and may be ofv slender construction and, if desired, in the form ofl a bell-crank, the arms of which carry peep sights of two different size apertures, either of which may be swung into operative position, which sight is adjustable for elevation for different ranges and with lateral adjustment for accurately setting or placing the sights. As a result of this construction, the inertia and MoRRIsTowN NEW JERSEY.

GUN.

1922. serial No. 565,039..

friction 1load on the tiring spring is decreased and the responseto trigger pull is out of contact with the Sear, locking the bolt from being rotated or opened, and, like the thumb trigger, the thumb safety has a down-pressure release. v

The lugs that guide the cocking-piece at the rear end of the firing-pin are symmetrically located on the same level with said axis and they slide in the same grooves in which the locking-lugs o f the lock-bolt slide when the latter is retracted. These grooves have to open rearwardlyin order to permit rearward withdrawal of the lock-bolt, and utilizing-the same ends of the grooves as 'guides for the cooking-piece is a distinct advantage. No other bolt gun has any guide for the cooking-piece and it is absolutely necessary that the cooking-piece be accurately guided where it carries the rear sight. e

The cooking-piece, insteadof having a single cooking-lug actuated by a lsingle cam on the bolt, has two cocking-lugs symmetrically located on diametrically opposite sides of the firing-pin. Hence when the lock-bolt is rotated to thrust the cooking-piece rearward the pressures are circumferentially balanced and the force applied to compress the {iring-pin-spring tends to shove the cookingpiece directly backward without any tendency to cant or jam in the grooves it slides 1n.

The cooking-piece has two downwardly projecting lugs,l the forward one for engaging. the' trigger-operated sear which holds the piece in a cocked position and the rear one for engaging with the safety cam which is used to lock the firing-pin to' prevent ac- An important feature is the means fora locking the firing-pin with its spring within j pressure on the firing-spring. The important feature of this is'forming the compression sleeve against which the firing-spring and makes it abuts, with a lug onone side which can be shoved into a lateral 'slot with a rearwardly cut recess located in the lower face of the bolt-handle, in which recess the compression lug is retained by the expansive force of the firing-spring. It will be noted that the boltliandle affords ample space radially of the bolt which can be utilized for the above purpose. Byo-(utilizing it, it becomes possible "to keep the rear end of the bolt of no greater diameter than the forward portion thereof tures, a small one of about 335 inch diameter,

which is used in ordinary shooting for accurate and long distance work. The other aperture is about 1A inch in diameter and c an be rotated into the sight line for use in dim l or bad light or in close, range snap shooting. The important point is that the latter aperture is used in combination with a large size front bead sight about 1A inch in diameter and which is pivoted so that it can be swung up in front of the fixed front sight to completely conceal the latter from view of the user. This combination makes it possible to have an exceptionally large aperture without making it so difficult to judge when the front sight is centered in said aperture.

Another feature of the coarse sights for use' in dim light or in the dark, is providing them withy radium paste applied so that it is protected from4 wear and from the weather. A shallow annular slot is cut in the rear face of the peep sight, the bottom of which isl coated with radium or other luminous paint or paste which, in turn, is covered and protected by a sheet of Celluloid or similar transparent material. The walls of the groove may be under-cut and the free edges peened or spun inward to retain the Celluloid. The forward sight or bead is similarly equipped except that the recess is cylindrical instead of annular.

Another feature is the take-down, the joint of which is as far forward as possible, but not so far as to disturb the fixed relations of the front and rearsights. To this end the receiver frame is made to terminate immediately inthe rear of the trigger and the desired strength 'of the joint is afforded by a massive tension bolt extending through the butt, formed with a T head entering the receiver frame and provided in the butt-plate with a powerful tension screw and a positive lock for the latter. The joint is formed with inner engaging parts such that the stock cannot twist, and the bolt is keyed to rately ossible for the cooking-piece the stock so that the T head will be accureceiver frame.

The above and other features of my invention may be more fully understood from the followingdescription in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one form of rifle embodying my invention, an intermediate portion of the barrel only being broken away to save space. i

Fig. 2 is a similar view of the receiver frame and parts carried therein, the wooden casing and forehand grip being removed to show nits internal construction.

seated in locking position within the Fig. 3 is a top planview of the parts shown in Fig.` 2.

Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 4-4, Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the liney bolt, firing-pin and cooking-piece assembly.'

. Fig. 12 is a plan view\ of the parts shown iii Fig). 11,'viewed from below, the cockingpiece eing shown in section on the line 12- 12, Fig. 11.

13 is an enlarged detail partly in sectron on the line 13-13, Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a detail section on vthe line 14- 14, Fig. 11.

Fig. 15 is a side elevation artly in section showing the butt-stock andJ the-take-down construction.

Fig. 16 is a Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a rear elevation of the buttplate.

Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the nut for the take-down bolt.

Fig. 19 is a full scale elevation of front sight and guards partly in section.

Fig. 20 1s a front end elevation of the same.

Fig. 21 is an enlarged rear elevation of the large aperture rear sight. Y

Fig. 22 is a section on the line 15-15, Fig. 2l.

In these drawings the rifie is shown as comprising ,the stock 1, terminating iii buttplate 2 and take-down fitting 3; the receiver frame 4, closed in below by wooden fore-hand grip and magazine casing 5 and having integral therewith the rear sight guards 6, bridge 7 and breech portion 8 in which is screwed the rifle barrel 9. The

section on the line 16j-16,

Amay be of the usual Mauser type. A ward breech-locking lugs 13 rota-te and lock behind cam shoulders 14 in the breech portion 8 of the frame and, `When retracted, they are guided on frame slideways 15 which, in my rifle, extend to and open out through the rear of the frame. (See Fig. 5.) There is a third locking-lug 13a`engaging a similar cam shoulder 14a in the bottom of the frame opposite bridge 7. e

' The locking-bolt 10 (see particularly Figs.

4, 11 and 12), has the usual cylindrical` barrel portion within which the firing-pin 2O is supported and guided in. forward bearing surfaces 21, and compression-collar 23, against which the rear e-nd ofY the iiringf spring 24 abuts. The spring propels the firing-pin through integral collar 22.' The firing-pin has its rear end detachably connected to the cocking-piece 25, by a sliding lit through aperture 26 through whichprojects the screw-threaded shank 27 held by nut 28 locked by detent 29.` The firing-pin is prevented from rotation by its flattened rear end engaging a flat-sided recess in the cockingpiece, as at 27a, Fig. 4.

The firing-pin is detachably held in the bolt, with the ring-spring under compression, by means of the compression-collar 23 which is formed with a radial lug 30, (Figs. 11 and 14), having a rearwardly extending detent 31, engaging a rearwardly extendingl recess 32, formed in the wall of a Vslot 33 cut in the base of the locking-lever 11, preferably in the under surface thereof.. This lug is engaged by forcing the collar forwardly, compressing spring 24, then rotating the collar and then allowing the spring to force detent 31 to. locking position. The initial tension of said spring will be suficient for such purpose. Thus the radial -projection necessary for locking of the compression-sleeve is located in the same radial sector that isy occupied by the base of the cocking-lever, thereby saving space and is housed within the lock-bolt so as to have free passage rearward when the lock-bolt is retracted for cocking, re-loading or withdrawal from the receiver frame. The front end of Vthe cooking-piece is provided with a pair of depressions 36 on the rear end of the cocking-bolt into which latter the cooking-piece lugs are spring pressed by the tiring spring -at the end of the cocking rotation of thc bolt, and in which they are non-positively held, while the bolt is being retracted to eX- `tract the empty shell in the barrel and feed the loaded shell into the same The cookingpiece has its side portions formed to slide l1n a rearwardly extended portion of the grooves 15, 15, winch are cut 1n the frame 4, symmetrically located on the level of the axis of the bolt and the iiringpin, (see Figs. 7 and 10). These are the same grooves 15 through which the bolt-locking lugs 13, 13 and 13, are retracted. The engagementwf the cooking-piece therein prevents rotation of the cooking-piece and firing-pin under the rotary effort exerted by the cooking-lugs when the bolt is rotated. The diametrically opposite location of the cooking-lugs 32 prevents the application of any side thrust tending to jam the cooking-piece or firing-pin sidewise. If one of the cocking-lugs or cams happens to be, broken, the remaining one will still be capable of operating as effectively as the single lug arrangement in the present- 'day military rifle.

As will be evident in Fig. 3, the cockinglugs 32 register with recesses between cams 34 whenever the locking-lever 11 is in the locked position, thereby affording space for the longitudinal tiring movementA of the firing-pin. The cooking-piece and firing-pin are held inthe retracted position by means 0f a downwardly projecting detent40 engagf` ing the trigger sear 41 on levery 42 pivoted at 43, operated by eccentric or cam projection 44 on lever 45 pivoted at 46 and havy ing a tail piece 47` engaging trigger lever 48 pivoted at 49 and having its long arm 50 snugly engaging the passage 51 throdgh trigger shank 52 sliding in a guide slot 53 and provided at the upperendwi'th an operatingthumb piece 54. Said thumb piece 54, as also the sear 41, are spring pressed upwardly and all back-lash taken out o f the lever system by means of spring 60 i-n cup 61 in the tail oflever 42. The4 eleva.- tion of the triggerand the corresponding over-lap of the Sear 41 with respect to lugl 40 may be adjusted by screw 55 which engages the upper side of lever 50.

In the rear of detent 40 is :ag/safety lug 60 formed with a cam surface adapted to engage safety 'cam 61 carried b v sleeve 62 mounted on pivot shaft 63, (seeFigs. 3, 6,8

and '9). vPivot 63 is provided at one end 'i havlng lever.

and has screw threaded thereon the nut 69 the operating head 69a. The latter head 1s normally countersunk in th'e face of the frame but when it is desired to remove the safety; the pivot shaft 63 may be thrust inward, ey lug 64 sliding through recess 65 and engaging 66, thereby projecting the head of nut 69 to a position where it may be unscrewed by hand. The unlocked position of the safety is shown'in Fig. 4 and the locked' position in Fig. 6. In order `to lprovide a spring detent means for nonpositively but firmly holding the locking cams-61, barrel 62, and locking-lever 67 in either the open or closed'position, the pivot-pin 63 is recessed as at 70, Fig. 9, to house a helical compression-spring 71, normally thrusting the end face 72 of barrel 62 against the inner face of the frame 4, the abutment of the other end of the spring being againstl a shoulder 74 within the barrel 62. By this means pivot-pin 63 is yieldingly forced to the left in the position shown in Fig. 9 and with the barrel pressing toward the right against the inner surface of nut 69. Locking-lugs 76 project from` said inner face 4lnto engagement with diametric V-notches in the end face of barrel 62. There are two sets of these notches corresponding to the on and off positions of the safety When the lever is shifted from one to the other position,v the bolt shifts endwise to the right, Fig.- 9, against the ressure of spring 71. The barrel 62 o the safety 'carries a radial arm 77 engaging a5 forwardly extending bar-lock 78 which engages a rearwardly opening recess in the rear or third bolt locking lug 13, (see Figs.

5, 6 and 11).

The cooking-piece is also provided in the rear thereof withv a pivot-pin 80 `for the rear sight standard 81 which carries the regular peep sight 82 on an elevating screw 83 which may be rotated with the assistance l of thumb wings`84. The pivot screw is such that about four rotations will elevate the sight for a range of'say 5 50 yards which is about the pgactical limit for ordinary sporting/purposes. A fewer number of ro-` tations will change the elevation correspondingly less..V As shown in Fig. 7 lthe thread of the elevating screw'is interrupted to form av locking slot as at 85 so that it'can be locked for engagement by a suitablelocking mechanism ('see Fig. 4). This consists of a lever 86 on arm 81, pivoted at 87 having one end engaging said locking slot 85 and alforwardly extending arm 86 snugly endescribed more-fully in .connection gagingza plunger 88 sliding in recess 89,l normally spring-pressed upwardly by springl 90. On the end of arm 81 is a peep-sight with a larger aperture 82' which will be with the hel pivot pin y80 on which the lstandards rel. 80 by screw 96, so that the rear sight and threads rand the standard 81 is slidably mounted thereon, its transverse positionbeing accurately adjusted by means of nut in order to bring the center line of its aperture and front bead in proper relation to the vertical plane of the axis of the bar- )Whenv set it4 is locked to the pivot-pin its pivot are rigidly associated. The pivot bears and rotates on the periphery of the above-described head 91 at one end and a cylindrical nut 97 at the other end.

By reference to various 'figures of the drawing, it will be seen that theprear sight is snugly housed between the guards 6, 6, which are out away at the sides to' admit side light on the sight but not sufciently to.

impair the protection. Below the sights the guards are substantial imperforat-e walls and are integral with the receiverframe.

T-hey afford protection for the thumb trigger,` and for the thumb' safety. v

The co-operative relation of the rear sight and guard'with reference to the front sight and guard, as also the construction of the latter, will be evident from Figs. 1,19 and 20, on Sheetl of the drawings. The front sights are mounted on` a cylinder'comprisr ing a relatively thin body portion 140 with thickened end bands 141, 142, the rear band land part Cof the cylinder being slotted yon the upper side as at 143 to t lug 144 which latter, as shown in Fig. 19, isv preferably integral with the metal-of the barrel. The cylinder 140 is held from rearward displacement by lug 144 and also from displacement [in either direction by pin 154. The slot 143 is midway between -the side guards 145, which are integral with bands 141, 142.

This upper part of the cylinder 'is thickened to afford lateral bearing as well as lateral protection for the pivot 146* of the large front sight 146, of which the hub 147 is housed between the side guards and in a. recess cut in lug 144. Forwardly of slot 143,

,said thickened portion is formed with a recess-contained detent 148 pressed by spring 149 intoengagement with one of the notches. 150 on the hub of the pivoted sight. The regular fixed front bead sight is preferably a Lyman sight havingl the usual bead 152, the blade being'cut oif at the ends as `shown and inserted in a vertical slit where aaeaase bead, as also the co-operating rear peep sight 82a, are of very large size, preferably about 2% inch for the bead and 1/3 inch for the peep aperture, particularly adapting these sights for snap shooting" and dim lights.

For very dim light, these sights are illuminated by radium or other phosphorous paint preferably permanently applied in the manner indicated in Figs. 21 and 22. For this v purpose the( rear face. of the rear sight is nformed with a groove .160 in the bottom of which is a layerof luminous paint or paste 161, covered by a layer of Celluloid 162 which latter maybe sprung into place or secured by peening the metal around the edges of the groove. The co-operating front sight 146 has its face similarly equipped except that the recess, paint and Celluloid are in the form of a solid disc or circle ,instead of an annulus.

The take-down joint is as far forward as possible Without disturbing the relations of the front and rear sights. The rear end of the frame terminates practically in the plane of the rear and of the trigger and sight guards, the rearwardly directed surface of the frame being formed with a recess 101 into which tits a projection 102 on butt-plate 3 .secured to the butt-stock 1 by screw 103. The engaging surfaces are formed so as to afford a wide accurate bearing surface, and rotary displacement of the stock is prevented by having the projection 102 and recess 101 noncircular. The frame 4 is provided with a central vertically elongated hole 104 through which passes the T head 105 0f tension bolt 106. The sides of the hole are .formed `with interior ribs 107 with accua rately formed seats 108 in which the T head may rest when the bolt is rotated around from the vertical position for entrance to the horizontal locking position indicated in Figs. 2, 8 and 16. The bolt adjacent the T head has a cylindrical enlargement fitting the widthpf hole 104 in the rear end ofthe frame and accurately fitting the cylindrical hole 110 in plate 3. There, is a short key 111 engaging a key slot in 102 to prevent rotation of the bolt with respect to the stock,

f after assembly but the bolt can slide forward to permit rotation of the bolt with respect to the frame when the parts are being taken down or put together.

Bolt 106 extends freely through a passage 112 in the stock, the passage being so much larger than the bolt that considerable spring or angular movement of the stock will not bring the bolt in position to apply transverse strains to the stock. That is to say, the stock 1 is really a distance block acting almost. solely as a compression-member under the powerful tension applied through the bolt 106.

passes freely through an opening 113 in a The screwthreaded rear end of bolt 106 pocket 114 formed in the butt-plate 2. The

bottom of the pocket 114 is arranged at right angles to the axis of the bolt so as to afford a true surface bearing for lock nut 115. This nut is shown as provided on the outer end with concave recesses of Maltese cross form adapted to be engaged by the abovedescribed handle piece 12 of the lockingbolt lever 11, which is used as a Spanner to set up the nut 115 applying-a maximum tension for bolt 106 with corresponding compression of stock 1 against the rear surface of the receiver frame. r.The periphery of the nut l115 is formed with closely spaced peripheral recess 116 adapted to be engaged by detent 117 urged by spring 118 held in place by screw 119. The detent is provided With an ,operating member 120 by which it may be retracted and there ,is in the butt-plate a recess 121 into which 120-may be turned to hold the detent in the withdrawn position.

The butt-plate has a. trap-door 125, closing recess 126 spring retained in either the open or closed position by means of spring 127 secured by screw 128 and having its free end adapted to bear either on surface 129 or 130, according as the trap is open or closed. The butt-plate has preferably integral therewith an ear 131 on which is secured by pivot 132 the sling-strap hanger 133. The magazine for automatically feeding the cartridges in front of the bolt 10, when the latter is retracted, comprises the follower 170, spring 171, and pivoted closure 172, may be of any known or desired construction. The closure may be secured in the closed position by bolt 173 adapted `to be retracted 'against the pressure of spring 174 by a bullet or other implement applied in recess 175.

The spring-pressed ejector linger and rear detent 181 for the tiring bolt 10 and the operating parts therefor within pivo-ted casing 182 may also be of any known or desired construction.

The reloading operation, including cocking, is accompllshed merely by rotating the bolt handle 11 upwardly as far as it will go, pulling it rearward as far as it will go, pushing it forward as far as it will go, and rotating it back to the initial position.

The upward rotation frees the lockinglugs 13, 13', from the locking-shoulders 14, 14, and cams the breech rearward a slight distance by engagement with cam surface 7a on bridge-piece 7. This gives powerful retraction on the extractor for freeing expanded or ill-fitting shells. Also it rotates the cooking-lugs which retract the cookingpiecefand with it Athe firing-pin, preferably about two-thirds the distance required for Then (Ehe straight rearward pull completes considerable distance behind the trigger sear 41.

In the subsequent forward movementl this ff safety lever, forces the locking-bar forward locking-lug, thereby locking the bolt andlever against opening. Such lock is desira,-`

into engagement with the recess in the third ble because, as will be noted,y the firingspring is then under considerable pressure which might facilitate accidental rotation and opening of the bolt.

' It will be noted that in the foregoing the part 10, whichin some respects resembles a .tube more than it does a bolt, is called a locking-bolt because thatis the technical name for it; also that it has several functions and may be called, with equal propriety, cooking-bolt, reloading-bolt, lock-bolt or just plain bolt according to the connection in which it is being described.

It willalso be noted that the part 2O is called al firing-pin, for a similar reason; also that it has several functions including support guide and compression of the firingspring; also the rear -end of it is formed or provided with means for its own cam retraction through the cooking-lugs and also the grove and spline engzEement with the frame which prevents it from rotating when the rotary stress is applied on the cooking-lugs. Hence functionally considered it is immaterial whether the firing-pin and the socalled cooking-piece areintegral or, for structural reasons, are in the form of the two separa-te but rigidlyassociated members which are called the firing-pin andthe cocking-piece. The twoV combined constitute a plunger provided with firing, splining, cock- 1ng and spring carrying and compressing elements; also affording an angularly stable support for the rear sight.

I claim:

l. A gun having a ring-plunger slidably mounted in approximate alinement with the axis of the barrel; a firing-spring Ther 'rear pull also carries the cooking-lug 40 a the firing-plunger.

tion with the spring under compres ion; a

peep sight mounted on the rear end of the plunger; and spline elements also carried by the rear end of the plunger and closelyl fitting straight side A oove'sfcarried by the frame; the spline projections and the grooves therefor 'being diametrically opposite each other on the same level with the axis'of 2. A n having a firing-plunger, slidably mounte in approximate alinem'ent With the axis of the barrel; a ring-spring engaging said plunger; means for holdin the plunger in the rearward cocked position with the spring under compression a peep sight mounted on the rear end of the plunger; rigid stationary tending above sai peep sight; and splined means also carried by the rear end of the plunger and snugly fitting side grooves carried by said guards.

3. A gun having a firing-plunger slidably mounted in approximate alinement with the axis of the barrel; `a firing-'spring engaging said plunger; means"for holding the plunger in the rearwardl cocked position with the spring under compression; a peep 'sight mounted on the rear end offthe plung- I er; rigid stationary 'guards on the frame extending above said peep sight; and splined means ,also'carried by the rearend of the plunger andsnugl litting side grooves carried by said guar s; and means. for mounting said sight including a transverse screw on which said sights may be laterally adjusted; means for locking the sights to the screw in the adjusted osition.

4. Ay un having a ring-plunger slidably mounte in approximate alinement with the axis of the barrel; a firin -spring engaging said plunger; means or holding the plunger in the rearward cocked .position with the spring under compression; a peep sight mounted on the rear end of the plunger; spline elements also carried by the rear ards on the frame exend of the plunger and closely iitting side the rear end of the plunger; a peep sight mounted on the cooking-piece; stationary" guards on the frame extending up. above the *on the cocking-piece closely fitting grooves in' the guards.

6. A bolt gun including frame, bolt, iring-plunger and spring; a cocking-piece on the rear end of the plunger a peep sight mounted on the cocking-piece; stationary lateral guards on the frame extending up above the top of the peep sight; and spline projections on the cocking-piece closely it- -ting grooves in the guards; and laterally covering its cocked-and uncooked positions.

7. A bolt gun including frame, bolt, liring-plunger and spring; a cocking-piece on the rear end of the plunger; a peep sight mounted on the cocking-piece; stationary guards on the frame extending up above the top of the eep sight; and spline projections on the coc ing-piece closely. fitting grooves in the guards; and laterally covering its cocked and uncooked positions, said grooves in the guards .and said spline projections on the cocking-piece being -located at the level of the axis of the plunger.

8.-A gun having a firing-plunger, slid-` ably mounted in approximate alinement with the axis of the barrel; a firing-spring engaging said, plunger; means for holding the plunger in the rearward cocked position with the spring under compression; a peep sight mounted on the rear end of the plunger; rigid stationary lateral guards on the frame extending above said peep sight; and, splined means also carried by the rear end of the plunger and snugly fitting side1 grooves carried by said uards, and a takedown joint between the orward` end ofthe Stock and the rear end of the frame; and

'means for detachably locking the stock and frame in assembled position.

9. A bolt gun including stock, frame, barrel, locking-bolt, firing-plunger slidablymounted in the bolt, a peep sight mounted on the rear end of the firing-plunger, stationary guards on the frame extending above the top of the peep sight, spline projections on the cocking-piece closely tting lateral grooves in the ^guards, .and a take-down l having locking-lugs and a laterally extending lever by which it may be rotated and reciprocated; a frame having grooves lin which said locking-lugs slide and a recess into which the base of saidlever rotates for locking; a firing-plunger reciprocating in Said locking-bolt and having its rear end splined by lugs sliding in' said grooves of the frame in which said locking-lugs slide; a sight mounted 'on the rear end of said plunger; stationary guards on the frame projecting above the level of said sight; said lever being formed with a radial portion recurved so as to clear the top of the guard when the locking-bolt is reciprocated and so that thel free end of the lever lies close` to the frame when in the locked position.

12. A bolt gun including'a locking-bolt having locking-lugs and a laterally extending'lever b which it may be rotated and reciprocate a frame having grooves in which said locking-lugsslide; a recess into which the base of said lever rotates for locking; a tiring-plunger reciprocating in said locking-bolt; a sight mounted on the rear end ofsaid plunger; stationary guards on the frame projectlng above the level of said sight; said lever being formed with a radial portion recurvedso as to clear the top of the guard when the locking bolt is reciprocated and so that the free end of the lever vided with stationary guards projecting above the level of the cocking-piece and extending rearwardly of the cocked position .of the latter and formed with lateral grooves in which the lugsofthe cocking-piece slide, said grooves constituting rearward extensions of the grooves in which the bolt locking-lugs slide.

Y 14. A bolt gun having a breech bolt with locking lugs carrying a firing pin provided with a cocking piece having lateral lugs to prevent rotation thereof; and a frame having on the upper side thereof a thumb trigger .and a thumb safety located Vbeneath theV cocking-piece when in the cocked positionv and stationary guards extending above the level of the cocking-piece, the latter having sliding engagement with said guards on the level of the axis of the rin'g bolt.

Q15. A bolt gun including a receiver frame, cocking-bolt wi h locking-lugs having rotary and sliding eng gement with said frame; a

firing-pin slidably mounted in the'bolt; I a cocking `piece secured tothe rear end of the firing pin and having lugs engaging longitudinal grooves in the frame; and a stationary side guards on the frame covering therear end of the lfiring Ibolt and the peep sight when in they cocked position,a-nd ex tending-above the level thereof.. f v

16. bolt gun including a receiver frame, a cocking-bolt having locking-lugs, a firing- .peep sight mounted on the cocking piece;

'pin carried by the bolt and a cooking piece including cocking lugs, said receiver being formed with longitudinal grooves parallel with the axis of the barrel and having circumferential. extensions in which said locking-lugs of the bolt can be rotated for opening the breech and retracting the 'wakingpiece including'cockinglugs; said' cockingpiece fitting and sliding in the rear portion of the same longitudinal grooves of the receiver in which said locking-lugs slide.

safety comprising an eccentric block element pivoted on a transverse axis beneath the firing-pin and`a rearwardly projecting operating lever, releasable by pressure of the thumb of the user when the hand is -in the firing position, the pivotal mounting including a shaft'keyed to the gun, a sleeve 'on the shaft and'laxially inter-engaging detent elements on shaft and sleeve for non-positively holding the safety in either the locked or released positions. v

19. A bolt gun including a frame, cockingbolt, and firing-pin, in co/mbination with a thumb trigger and a thumb safety on the top of the gun, said safety including inter;- dependent operating means for blocking the firing-pin inthe rearward position and for locking the cooking-bolt in the closed position.

20. A gun includihg a receiver frame, a firing-plunger and .firing-spring operating substantially in alinement with the barrel, in -combination with a. rear sight on the -rear end of the firing-bolt and fixed guards extending upwardly from the frame substantially above the level* of said sight and located so as to laterally cover the sight both in the cocked and uncooked positions of the firing-pin which carries it, in combination with a thumb trigger located between said l guards `below the level of said firing-bolt.

21. A gun including 'a receiver frame, firing-plunger, a cocklng piece having laterally projecting slide lugs for the latter, and.

a peep sight onl the cooking piece in combination with ,guards extending above. the level of the peep sight and provided-with longitudinal grooves in which said lugsslide between cocked anduncocked positions, and 'a thumb trigger'located between said guards below said plunger. 1

22. A bolt gun including a receiver frame having longitudinal grooves, a lockingv bolt having locking-lugs adapted to slide in said a peep sight and having lateral lugs fitte and slidable inf the same grooves in which 80 groovesin which the locking-lugs slide, said frame lincluding stationary guards extending above the level of the firing-bolt.

23. A bolt gun including a receiver frame having longitudinal grooves,a locking-bolt having locking-lugs adapted to slide in said grooves, a firing-pin slidably mounted in said cooking-bolt, a cooking-piece carried by said firing-bolt, said cocking-pi'ece carryin ,the locking-lugs slide, said-frame including stationary-guards extending above the l vel of the peep sight and a safety block for he firing-bolt pivoted between said guards and having an operating lever extending rearwardly.

24. A bolt gun including a receiver frame having longitudinal grooves, a locking-bolty having locking-lugs'adapted to slide in said grooves, a firing-pin slidably mounted in 'said cooking-bolt, a cooking-piece 'carried by said firing-bolt, said cooking-piece having lateral lugs fitted and slidable in the same grooves in which the locking-lugs slide, said rame including stationary guards extending above the level ofthe firing-bolt; and a 'safety-block for thev firing-bolt pivoted besaid cooking-bolt, a cooking-piece carried by said firing-bolt, said cooking-piece having lateral lugs fittedand slidable in the same rooves in which the locking-lugs slide, said;

rame including stationary guards extendi' ing above the level of the Aiiring-bolt; and al sa e ty-rblock for the firing-bolt pivoted be- .tween said guards and having an operating lever extending rearwardly; and a thumbtrigger also between said guards, on the right-hand side of the safety-operating '115.

lever.

26.4A bolt guniiicluding a frame, cock-v ing-bolt, firing-pin and cooking-piece, in combination with trigger and safety mechanisms including separate trigver andsafety release elements close together and releas- Jable by movements in the same direction by the same thumb while the hand is in the liring position.

27. A bolt gun including a frame, cock- T25.-

ing-bolt, firing-pin and cooking-piece, in combination with trigger and safetymechanisms including se arate tri ger and safety release elements c ose togeterjand releasable by movements in the same direction by ,130

' safety release movement being circular and relatlvely long.

29.' A bolt gun including a frame, cocking-bolt, firing-pin and cockin -piece, in combination with trigger and sa ety mechanisms including va thumb trigger and a thumb safety on the topof the gun, both which sa ety .also locks a detent for tively locking within reach of the thumb of the user when the stock is gripped with the hand in the firing' position, stationary lateral guards on the gun protecting said parts throughout the cocked and uncooked positions.

30. A bolt gun including a frame, lockingbolt, and firing-plunger, said bolt being provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged front locking-lugs and a rear locking-lug, in combination with a thumb operated safety blocking mechanism for the liring-plunger, which safety also locks said rear locking-lug against rotation.

31. A bolt gun including a frame, lockingbolt, and ring-plunger, said bolt being provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged front locln'ng-lugs and a rear locking-lug, in combination with a thumb operated safet -lock mechanism for the plunger,

the rear lu of the' bolt against rotation when in t e bolt-locked position.

32. A bolt n includinga frame; locking-bolt, and ring-plunger, said bolt being provided with a plurality of symmetrically posiarranged front locking-lugs and a rear locking-lug, in combination with a thumb` operated safety mechanism for the plunger and for the locking-bolt 4including a detent and means for moving it to the lug-locking position when the safety is on and to the unlocked position when the safety is oil".

33. A bolt -gun including a frame and, slidably mounted therein, a bolt having locking lugs and having laterally' projecting handle for rotating and reciprocating it; a firing-plunger slidable inthe bolt; a firingspring encircling the plunger and means for compressing and sustaining the thrust of the spring including a forward 'compression member fixed to the plunger and 'a rearward collar within the bolt and encircling the plunger and means for locking said collar to the bolt including a radially projecting detent housed in a recess in the base of the bolt handle.

34. A bolt gun including a frame and,

slidably mounted therein, a bolt having an open rear end and provided with a laterally projecting handle for rotating and recipro eating it; a iiring-plunger having its forward end slidably mounted in the forward end of the bolt and carrying a forward compression member; a firing-spring encircling the plunger and having its forward end in engagement-with said compression member, said plungerspring andtcompression member being insertable through the rear of the bolt; and means affording a rear guide for the plunger and sustaining the thrust of the s ring including a rear collar encircling the p unger and fitting in the rear end of the bolt; and means for locking said collar to make it rotate and reciprocate with the bolt, said means including a detent at the lbase of the bolt handle and rotating withy it.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York, and State of New York, this 31st day of May, A. D. 1922.

RALPH G. PACKARD, JR. 

